Essay about Martin Luthers Impact on the Catholic Church

Introduction Martin Luther was a Monk, Priest and Theologian born in late 1483 in the German town of Eisleben. His father owned a copper mine and had always wished for his son to go into civil service. When Luther was seventeen he arrived at the University of Erfurt. By 1502, Luther had already received his bachelor’s degree and by 1505 he had a Master’s degree. The same year, while returning to University, he was caught in a tremendous thunderstorm. A lightening bolt struck near him and terrified, he cried out, Help, St. Anne! Ill become a monk!†. Luther lived, and keeping to his promise, he dropped out of university and entered the monastery. Religious issues the person responded to. Martin Luther responded to the†¦show more content†¦Despite his situation, he continued to he preach his philosophies and as a result, converted many people from Catholicism to what was now commonly referred to as Protestant. This is known as the Protestant Reformation. Important Social and Political Issues of the Time Social In the 1400s, Europe had been left in devastation from the aftermath of the black plague. This had left Europe in major religious, social and economic upheavals. Orphans, theft, intoxication, prostitution, brutality and misuse of powerful by important figures were very common. Education was unavailable to anyone without enough money to pay for it, creating an extremely large gap and social division between the classes. Church services and the bible were spoken and written in Latin, resulting in the majority of the common people being unable to understand the true meaning behind the words. As People were unable to read the bible, the only way to connect with God was through church services. Priests and Monks had several different jobs and often refused to help peasants when they asked for it, generating mistrust between the clergy and lay people. Political Just 30 years before Luther was born, Gutenberg invented the printing press, generating an ability to mass-produce information and documents. Countries such as Spain and Portugal were still in a race to secure more land. The Italian Renaissance had spanned three centuriesShow MoreRelatedMartin Luther And The Catholic1550 Words   |  7 Pagestransformation, but Martin Luther is one of the more significant figures. This paper is about how Martin Luther, a catholic German Monk, played a substantial role in influencing the religion of that time and initiated the Protestant Reformation. Martin Luther affected the Catholic Church, which was the major religion in Europe at the time, with his deep-seated beliefs on indulgences and how you can find your own salvation without aid of the Catholic Church or the Pope. After Martin Luther was triedRead MoreThe Reform of the Roman Catholic Church in Europe Essay930 Words   |  4 Pagesof the Roman Catholic Church. This discontent eventually lead to the reform of the Roman Catholic Church in Europe, and religious beliefs and attitudes became divided between northern and southern Europe. This is a summary of the events that lead to this historic change in religious culture that would impact Christianity for the next 500 years and beyond. By the late medieval period, many Europeans perceived the large amount of riches and land acquired by the Roman Catholic Church as unjust whenRead MoreLutheranism and Its Impact on Germanic Peasants1396 Words   |  6 PagesThe Rise of Lutheranism and its Impact on Germanic Peasants The rise of a new religion is often met with both praise and malice from the hierarchy of the civilization it springs from. The rise of Lutheranism affected all of Western Europe, but it’s most prominent impact was on the peasants and serfs with no where to turn in what is today Germany. As the growth of Lutheranism picked up speed at the beginning of the sixteenth century, peasants from all over the Germanic states turned to LutheranismRead MoreMartin Luther : A Father Of The Protestant Reformation1462 Words   |  6 PagesMartin Luther: A Father of the Protestant Reformation During the 16th century, many people began to question the doctrine and practices of the Catholic Church. The church was selling indulgences (forgiveness) to release people from their debt of sin. The higher positions held in the church were being sold to those who would pay the most money. The clergy’s greed and thirst after money essentially divided the church between the peasants and clergy. One man disagreed with the actions of the CatholicRead MoreThe Protestant Reformation And The Reformation871 Words   |  4 Pagesthat challenged papal authority and questioned the Catholic Church’s ability to define Christian practice (â€Å"The Reformation†). The Protestant Reformation was revolutionary due to the fact that the reformers preached against everything the Catholic Church had been teaching. Some famous reformers are John Calvin and Martin Luther. However, Martin Luther-- to some--- is named the most successful and influential reformer of the 16th century. Martin Luther was tremendously effective and influential dueRead MoreMartin Luther Essay1557 Words   |  7 PagesMartin Luther (November 10, 1483 - February 18, 1546) was a Christian theologian and Augustinian monk whose teachings inspired the Protestant Reformation and deeply influenced the doctrines of Protestant and other Christian traditions. Martin Luther was born to Hans and Margaretha Luther on 10 November 1483 in Eisleben, Germany and was baptised the next day on the feast of St. Martin of Tours, after whom he was named. Luthers call to the Church to return to the teachings of the Bible resulted inRead MoreLuther : Man Between God And The Devil Essay1439 Words   |  6 PagesHeiko Oberman’s book, Luther: Man between God and the Devil, explores Martin Luther’s life, theology and legacy. Oberman does not simply focus on Luther’s actions and behaviors as a Reformer, nor does he evaluate Luther from a purely Protestant or Catholic point of view. Instead, the book examines Luther’s continual battle with the Devil. In order to truly understand Luther, it is important â€Å"to grasp the man in his totality-with head and heart† (Oberman, 1989, xix). Luther is not merely a monk, professorRead MoreMartin Luther: a Brief History/Impact on Western Civiliation791 Words   |  4 PagesMartin Luther: A Brief History/Impact on Western Civiliation Martin Luther was a man with a purpose. Born in 1483 in Eisleben, Martin Luther was a German Monk who started one of the greatest religious revolutions in the history of the Western world. Before discussing the impact of his revolution on the modern world, we must first establish some background information about the man and the Roman Catholic Church. Martin Luther lived a tough childhood where he did not enjoy the customary joys thatRead MoreDifferent Impacts on Religion1067 Words   |  5 Pageshundred and fifty years apart, both Louis XIV Edict of Fontainebleau and Luther’s Address to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation had an immense impact on religion. Martin Luther’s document would pave the way for the Protestant Reformation, while Louis XIV would revoke all the freedoms that the Huguenots enjoyed in a Catholic France with the Edict of Nantes. This essay will compare and contrast these distinctions and their impact on religion. Therefore, although years apart, these two documents leadRead MoreCriteria For A Nobel Prize996 Words   |  4 PagesInfluence and Impact Explanation of the First Nobel Laureate As Lutheran Pastor, it should not be a surprise that I have chosen the 16th Century Reformer Martin Luther as the first Nobel Laureate in Pauline Leadership. Martin Luther was an Augustinian monk and priest, who received a doctorate in theology and was ultimately given a post as a professor at the University of Wittenberg (Bishop, n.d.). â€Å"It was at Wittenberg that Luther began to question several of the doctrines of the Roman Church. His ideas

The United Declaration Of Human Rights - 1305 Words

The United Declaration of Human Rights is an international document where the United Nation (1948) put together to commit to uphold, promote and protect the human rights of every individual. The united Nation proclaims that the UDHR has a common standard of achievement for all peoples and all nations, to the end that every individual and every organ of society, keeping this Declaration constantly in mind, shall strive by teaching and education to promote respect for these rights and freedoms and by progressive measures, national and international, to secure their universal and effective recognition and observance, both among the peoples of Member States themselves and among the peoples of territories under their jurisdiction. There are various ways that the United States can enhance its implementation of rights to our education system, media, and the workplace. According to the article 26 of the Human Rights bill explains that education shall be directed to the full development of hu man personality. In the U.S, the education system is not quite there to allowing their personality influence their education. In a Ted Talks on creativity, spoken by Ken Robinson (2006) explain how the school system kills these children creativity. The system is focused on how to become a good worker instead of flourishing their curiosity. As stated by Robinson (2006): We are educating people out of their creativity. And that can affect the ones that might be our future innovator or artist ofShow MoreRelatedThe United Declaration Of Human Rights2311 Words   |  10 PagesElaine Salo POSC317-010 8 April 2016 The U.S. Must Ratify CEDAW At the core of society are the undeniable rights we are afforded as human beings. These rights are outlined in the United Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) as a way to protect each individual’s freedoms. Since its adoption sixty-seven years ago, society and its viewpoints have changed drastically (â€Å"The Universal Declaration of Human Rights†). Therefore, while at the time the intentions for this document might have been genuine to protectRead MoreThe United Declaration Of Human Rights1878 Words   |  8 Pagesuman rights are defined as â€Å"a right that is believed to belong justifiably to every person†. Human Rights are continually evolving and changing for the better, they are constantly reassessed and improved for the world’s greater good. Countless people have tried to define what a Human Right is and who they belong to, but we always seem to come across the same philosophers and documents that truly define Human Rights. John Locke was a famous English philosopher in the seventeenth centaury who believedRead MoreThe United Nations Declaration Of Human Rights1498 Words   |  6 PagesDo you believe that there is a universal human rights regime or that human rights are more regional in nature? I argue that human rights are more regional in nature, due to three specific factors; economic development, political discourse and cultural relativism. The United Nations Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) was created in the wake of the utter destruction that was World War Two. Constructed in 1948, it was the result of a collaboration between forty-eight countries. Though not legallyRead MoreThe Rights Of The United Nations Universal Declaration Of Human Rights870 Words   |  4 PagesAll human beings are born with rights no matter a person’s race, religion, or gender. There are 30 of rights found in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). Under the UDHR there are 30 rights given to humans that were created to stop war from happening among people. These rights should have the power to prevent war from happening by giving every human life importance. Everyone has the same human rights shows all lives matter and are important and should be respected. Three human rightsRead MoreThe United States And The Universal Declaration Of Human Rights Essay1421 Words   |  6 PagesThe United States and twenty-six other nations formed the United Nations in 1945, three years later in 1948 the United Nations released the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the U.S. was in favor for it. Article 25 of this Declaration states Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and of his family, including food, clothing, housing and medical care and necessary social services. One would think that a country in favor for the UniversalRead MoreThe United Nations Universal Declaration Of Human Rights1805 Words   |  8 PagesIn accordance with the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) it is proclaimed by the General Assembly that â€Å"all human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights† (The United Nation [UN], 1948). But what are human rights? While they might be a substantially contemporary subject, the worlds first charter of human rights is now identified in 593 B.C when Cyrus the Great; freed the slaves, established r acial equality and freedom to choose one’s own religion (Fleiner, 1999)Read MoreThe United States Universal Declaration Of Human Rights2223 Words   |  9 Pagesthat it would be effective. This case brings up several complicated issues of human rights that implicate principles from the United Nations’ Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Declaration of the Rights of Persons Belonging to National or Ethnic, Religious and Linguistic Minorities, Convention on the Rights of a Child, Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples and International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. The situation of the Ohio Amish family spotlights a potential for conflictRead MoreThe United Nations Universal Declaration Of Human Rights1854 Words   |  8 Pagesregard for human rights committing numerous atrocities, including sexual assault and forced marriage, suicide attacks within civilian areas, killings of religious and ethnic minorities, summary executions and beheadings of innocent hostages. Still going on today, ISIS continually captures and abducts civilians who do not conform to their extreme views and execute anyone with different religious beliefs. Ultimately waging wars from over 60 countries, they continually perpetrate the human rights of societyRead MoreModern Slavery : The United Nations Universal Declaration Of Human Rights Essay1806 Words   |  8 PagesModern Slavery One of the major, if not the biggest, human rights abuse in the history of the world is slavery. This can be attributed to it being a forced practice and how the methodology used to enforce it, violates not just one of the articles under the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights, but an unbearable number of them. The exploitation of an enslaved human deprives that individual from the right to life and liberty, it deems them unequal and therefore guarantees them a lifeRead MoreHealth Care Issues Of The United States Universal Declaration Of Human Rights2635 Words   |  11 Pages Outline I. Introduction A. Hook The best chance of survival is having food and shelter to come back to every night after a long day full of workloads and stress. B. Thesis Health care is a basic human right every citizen in the United States should receive and be granted no matter the circumstance. II. Points A. Article #1 - Health Care Legislation 1. Before Obama signed the PPACA into law, insurance companies held most of the power over policyholders. 2. When Obama took office, he vowed to

Causes of the American Civil War Free Essays

A common assumption to explain the cause of the American Civil War was that the North was no longer willing to tolerate slavery as being part of the fabric of US society. Also, that the political power brokers in Washington were planning to abolish slavery throughout the Union. Therefore for many people slavery is the key issue to explain the causes of the American Civil War. We will write a custom essay sample on Causes of the American Civil War or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, it is not as simple as this and slavery, while a major issue, was not the only issue that pushed America into the Great American Tragedy. By April 1861, slavery had become hopelessly entangled and complex with state rights, the power of the federal government over the states and the South’s way of life – all of which made a major contribution to the causes of the American Civil War. By 1860, America could not be seen as being a standardized society. Clearly defined areas could be identified that had different outlooks and different values. This was later to be seen in the North versus South divide that created the two sides in the war. The South was an agricultural region where cotton and tobacco were the main backbone to the region’s economic strength. The area relied on exports to markets in Western Europe and the class structure that could be found in the UK, for example, was mimicked in the southern states. In the South, the local plantation owner was a ‘king’ within his own area and locals would be respectful toward such men. The whole structure was represented as a strictly Christian society that had men at the top while those underneath were expected and required to accept their social status. Social advancement was possible, but consistently it was done within the senior families of a state, who were the economic, political and legal brokers of their state. Within this structure was the wealth that these families had built up. It cannot be denied that a huge part of this wealth came from the fact that the plantation owners oriented the work on their plantations around slave labor. As repugnant as it may be to those in the 21st Century, slavery was simply seen as part of the southern way of life. Without slavery, the economic influence of these leading families would have been seriously dented and those they employed and paid – local people who would have recognized how important the local plantation owner was to their own well-being – simply accepted this as how it is. When the dark clouds of war gathered in 1860-61, many in the South saw their way of life being threatened. Part of that was slavery but it was not the only part. The North was almost in complete contrast to the South. In the lead up to April 1861, the North was industrializing at a very fast rate. Entrepreneurs were accepted and, in fact, were seen as being vital to furthering industrial development of America. You did not have to stay in your social place and social mobility was common. It was always possible but most of America’s best entrepreneurs based themselves in the North where the backbone of social class was weaker. The North was also a sophisticated mixture of nationalities and religions – far more so than the South. There can be little doubt that there were important groups in the North that were anti-slavery and wanted its abolition throughout the Union. However, there were also groups that were undecided and those who knew that the North’s economic development was based not only on entrepreneurial skills, but also on the input of poorly paid workers who were not slaves but lived lives not totally removed from those in the South. While they had their freedom and were paid, their lifestyle was at best very harsh. While the two sides that made up the American Civil War were apart in many areas, it became worse when the view in the South was that the North would try to force its values on the South. In 1832, South Carolina passed an act that declared that Federal tariff legislation of 1828 and 1832 could not be enforced onto states and that after February 1, 1833 the tariffs would not be recognized in the state. This brought South Carolina into direct conflict with the Federal government in Washington, DC. Congress pushed through the Force Bill that made it possible for the President to use military force to bring any state into line with regards to realize Federal law. On this occasion, the threat of military force worked. People in South Carolina vowed, however, it would be the last time. It was now that slavery became mixed up with state rights – just how much power a state had compared to federal authority. State rights became combined with slavery. The key issue was whether slavery would be allowed in the newly created states that were joining the Union. This disagreement further developed with the Louisiana Purchase of 1803 whereby Kansas, among others, was purchased by the federal government. Kansas was officially opened to settlement in 1854 and there was a rush to settle in the state between those who supported slavery and those who opposed it. The state became a place of violence between the two groups and Kansas got the nickname ‘Bleeding Kansas’ in acknowledgment of what was going on there. However on January 29, 1861, Kansas was admitted to the Union as a slave-free state. Many in the traditional slave states saw this as the first step towards abolishing slavery throughout the Union and thus the destruction of the southern way of life. When South Carolina seceded from the Union on December 20, 1860, the first state to do so, it was a sign that the state no longer felt part of the United States of America and that America as a nation was being conquered by a federal government comfortable in the views of the North. Whether this is true or not, is not relevant as it was felt to be true by many South Carolinians. The secession of South Carolina pushed other southern states into doing the same. With such a background of distrust between most southern states and the government in Washington, it only needed one incident to set off a civil war and that occurred at Fort Sumter in April 1861. The Civil War was one of the most tragic wars in American history. More Americans died than in all other wars combined. Brother fought against brother and the nation was torn apart. In the end, we must look at the important consequences of the conflict. The nation was reunited and the southern states were not allowed to secede. The South was placed under military rule and divided into military districts. Southern states then had to apply for readmission to the Union. The Federal government proved itself supreme over the states. Basically this was a war over states rights and federalism and the victor was the power of the national government. Slavery was in fact ended. While slavery was not officially outlawed until the passage of the 13th Amendment, the slaves were set free upon the end of the war. Reconstruction, the plan to rebuild America after the war, began. Industrialism began as a result of the increase in wartime production and the development of new technologies. How to cite Causes of the American Civil War, Papers

The Balance of a Healthy Lifestyle Essay Example For Students

The Balance of a Healthy Lifestyle Essay Happy, confident, energetic, strong and healthy are all qualities an individual wants. The real question is, how bad do they want it? It is really not as hard as it seems. Gradually changing your life into a well balanced, healthy lifestyle can be done. It may be hard getting rid of old habits, but it is well worth it. Start with little changes and less excuses. Living a healthy lifestyle is not a diet or some ridiculous weight loss challenge. A healthy lifestyle is about moderation, balance and simple substitutions. Many people have trouble understanding what a healthy lifestyle is. They often picture endless hours in the gym and being on a crazy liquid diet. Others may think they can spend an hour doing a hard workout and then go eat whatever they want because â€Å"they workout†. Once balance is found a healthy lifestyle becomes easy. We will write a custom essay on The Balance of a Healthy Lifestyle specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Understanding the difference between balance and being strict and obsessive about what you eat and when you work out is key. Some have an extremely hard time learning a balance. If they eat junk food, they feel guilty. If they miss a workout, they feel guilty. The truth is, junk food and rest days are great in moderation. Find a balance will help them feel much happier, healthier and even see more physical results. Getting an ideal physique is simply, 80% diet and 20% exercise. The best thing to do is eat healthy, well portioned meals at least five days a week. Then allow one or two days of eating more relaxed foods in moderation without any guilt. If one has a few cheat meals, or in other words, foods that aren’t very healthy, are not going to make them â€Å"fat† or gain weight. Especially if they are also working hard in the gym five to six days a week. ‘â€Å"Eating right and exercising regularly is . .Corner: Tip of the Week- Rest. Rev. of Rest Days. Video blog post. Bodybuilding. com. Body Building, 1 Mar. 2011. Web. 28 Feb. 2014. . Lee, Anothony. Bulking Up On A Puny Wallet: A Beginners Guide To Bodybuilding On A Budget! Bodybuilding.com -Bulking Up On a Puny Wallet. Body Building, 24 July 2009. Web. 12 Feb. 2014. com/fun/budget_bodybuilding.htm>. Roussell, Mike. Beginners Nutritional Mistakes! Bodybuilding.com -. Body Building, 1 Mar. 2006. Web. 12 Feb. 2014. com/fun/mroussell7.htm>. Topic Of The Week. Bodybuilding.com How Should One Incorporate Cheat Meals? Bodybuilding.com How Should One Incorporate Cheat Meals? Body Building, 2 July 2009. Web. 26 Feb. 2014. htm>.

Top 10 Best Non Marvel or DC Comics

Top 10 Best Non Marvel or DC Comics List of Top 10 Non-DC Comics You Should Not Miss Out At times, one may get an impression that Marvel and DC Comics have control over the whole comic book industry. Although it is far from being true, the comic book media is on the rise now with the most popular adaptations coming from the Big Two. Still, the world of comics is not limited only to the Big Two and there is a great number of other publishers with brilliant adaptations, which we will cover in this article. 10. SAGA This series, created by Brian K. Vaughn and Fiona Staples, has been much raved about. It tells a story about two refugees who face a bizarre, modernized fantasy world. Saga is a must-read for everyone, so if you have not done it yet, now is the perfect time to do it. Enthralling and intriguing, SAGA is well worth every minute you spend reading it. 9. CURSE WORDS The Image Comics book Curse Words is Soule-written magical drama, which tells the story of a modern-day evil wizard and challenges he has to tackle. If you are a keen admirer of Harry Potter or Rick and Morty, you surely should not miss out on this gripping comics book. The ironic portrayal of the arcane arts is absolutely unique. However, mind that wielding magic portrayed in the book is not always that magical. 8. BUFFY THE VAMPIRE SLAYER If you are not overly keen on Buffy the Vampire Slayer, you should know that the comic book version of it has undergone some major alterations. Studios Buffy decided to create a complete remake of the story. A brand-new Buffy universe will surely keep even the most long-standing fans on the edge of their seats. However, if you do not belong to this category, just try to enjoy the folks behind the comic who are truly worth observing. 7. ARCHIE 1941 Although the TV show Riverdale has become a household name, you will be astounded by the fact that Archie Comics, on which the TV series is based, is in fact over 75 years old. The nowadays setting of Riverdale does not mirror the place in Archie 1941 where Archie Andrews is a young man enlisted into military service. If you admire Archie Comics, World War II history or just want to see familiar characters in the new light, put this book on your reading list. 6. B.P.R.D. The Bureau for Paranormal Research and Defense has not appeared on TV for 11 years. However, with a brand-new movie Hellboy releasing this year, it finally stages a comeback in the cinema. Interestingly enough,  B.P.R.D.  stories did not stall completely in the gap between films. Dark Horse has been incessantly bringing out splendid stories set in Mike Mignola-creates universe, which has not become any worse. With the movies debut in April, now it is high time to get back into the world of the  B.P.R.D.  At any rate, you should not let this engrossing fantastic detective series pass over your attention. 5. ANIMOSITY Aftershock Comics is a newcomer in the world of comics. Nevertheless, it managed to bring out some brilliant adaptations. One of them is Animosity,  which tells a story of a weird world where animals decided that the planet would do way better without humans. Animosity is a tough human story, which tells about survival and sacrifice and touches upon one of the biggest fears of the human race. It puts across a tricky question What would happen with the planet if humanity were no longer in the control of the whole universe? 4. BITTER ROOT If you are absolutely indifferent to the mentioned above magic trend, we have some pretty bad news to deliver. You still need to take a look at Bitter Root. In fact, Bitter Root is not nearly as brand-new as Saga  or  Curse Words. It takes place in the 1920s Harlem, where voodoo and the Jazz Age are combined to create a story, which strikes the right balance between noir and Occult drama. This book will certainly hit the spot if you are a fan of historical fiction, particularly of that which revolves around New York City. Additionally, if you are drawn to gruesome adventures in flapper costumes, Bitter Root is definitely up your street. 3. BLACK HAMMER Although this list was intended to be without the Big Two, it does not mean we have not included some unknown superheroes in this list. Basically, a lot of characters in Black Hammer were created under the influence of either Marvel or DC Characters. Still, the world, in which the story takes place, has nothing to do with both. Black Hammer’s surreal, David Lynch-esque universe is strongly reminiscent of superhero comics and scrambles them, transforming them into an unreal, existential mystery series. Although DC and Marvel are wholly in charge of an umpteen number of superhero stories, Black Hammer testifies to the fact that they clearly do not own all of them. 2. THE WICKED + THE DIVINE The following book is based on mythology, which means you will surely take to it. The Wicked + the Divine is a well-earned odd-on favorite in our top 10 comic books even without the mythological plot. Due to the tight storytelling, unique artwork, and the perfect cohesive combination of two classical myths, this book is a genuine masterpiece of its own. If  Black Hammer  proved that Marvel DC are not dominant in the superhero market,  The Wicked + the Divine  is a testament that they have not yet taken the control of mythology either. We do not imply that there is something wrong with the Wonder Woman  or  Thor  story. At the same time, there are some close similarities with WicDiv. It just that it resonates with some cultural memory that is deeply rooted in humans, a memory of the times when gods and monsters were not just fiction and the magic was anything but make-believe. 1. MONSTRESS This story is an example of a simple but truly masterful comic book. With the touching storyline and sensitive art, Monstress  is a rarity in the comic book market since it brings the medium up as a whole. Marjorie Liu obtained two Eisners just because of that, and if you have not had the opportunity to come to know why, now it is the perfect time to do it. Choose any of the above stated books to experience what the present-day comics world has to offer but do not miss out on Monstress  to find out how the comic book history is being made.

25 Coups de Plume

25 Coups de Plume 25 Coups de Plume 25 Coups de Plume By Mark Nichol What, exactly, is a coup, and how many kinds of coups are there? This post describes a variety of phrases using the word, plus an array of related terms. Coup, a word for a sudden bold and/or brilliant act it also serves as a truncation of â€Å"coup d’à ©tat† comes from the French word coup, meaning â€Å"stroke† or â€Å"blow†; ultimately, it’s from the Greek term kolaphos by way of the Latin borrowing colaphos. Few of the following expressions have been widely adopted into English, but they’re all available for literal and/or idiomatic use: 1. Coup la porte (â€Å"knock on the door†): a signal or summoning 2. Coup bas (â€Å"low blow†): a cheap shot 3. Coup d’archet (â€Å"stroke of the bow†): contact of the bow with one or more strings on a violin or a similar instrument 4. Coup d’chance (â€Å"stroke of luck†): a fortunate event 5. Coup d’eclat (â€Å"stroke of glory†): a glorious feat 6. Coup d’à ©tat (â€Å"stroke of state†): the overthrow of a national government by a government faction usually, elements of the nation’s military 7. Coup d’oeil (â€Å"stroke of the eye†): a survey taken at a glance 8. Coup de coeur (â€Å"blow to the heart†): an intense but short-lived passion 9. Coup de crayon (â€Å"stroke of the pencil†): an expression of artistic creativity 10. Coup de destin (â€Å"blow of fate†): a tragic event 11. Coup de foudre (â€Å"stroke of lightning†): an unexpected sudden event; also, love at first sight 12. Coup de glotte (â€Å"stroke of the glottis†): a method in singing and speaking technique in which the glottis, the space between the vocal folds, is suddenly manipulated by muscular contraction 13. Coup de grà ¢ce (â€Å"stroke of mercy†): a blow or shot to end the suffering of a mortally wounded person or animal; a figuratively similar act; or a decisive act, event, or stroke 14. Coup de l’amitià © (â€Å"stroke of friendship†): one (drink) for the road 15. Coup de main (â€Å"stroke of the hand†): a sudden, full-scale attack, or assistance 16. Coup de plume (â€Å"stroke of the pen†): a witty or masterful turn of phrase 17. Coup de poing (â€Å"stroke of the fist†): a punch, or a shock 18. Coup de pouce (â€Å"stroke of the thumb†): a helping hand, or a nudge 19. Coup de repos (â€Å"stroke of rest†): a chess move in which a player prepares for a blow against the player’s opponent 20. Coup de sang (â€Å"stroke of blood†): extreme anger 21. Coup de thà ©Ãƒ ¢tre (â€Å"stroke of theater)†: a sudden twist in a stage play’s script, or, in general, a sudden turn of events or a sudden effect; also, a successful stage production 22. Coup du ciel (â€Å"stroke from heaven†): sudden good fortune 23. Coup dur (â€Å"stroke of difficulty): a tough blow, or something difficult to accept 24. Coup en traà ®tre (â€Å"stroke of treachery†): a stab in the back 25. Coup montà © (â€Å"stroke of fitting†): a frame-up or con Many other phrases and expressions include the word coup; those listed above are just most of them that begin with it. Among the others are coup pour coup (â€Å"blow for blow,† or â€Å"tit for tat†) and coup sur coup (â€Å"in quick succession,† or â€Å"time after time†). Coup appears in other usages, and related terms abound. A coup injury is one in which the head strikes an object, causing injury to the brain; the accompanying countercoup injury to the brain occurs when the head strikes a fixed object, causing the brain to impact against the skull as well. Counting coup is the act of dominating or defeating an opponent in single combat without causing injury; in some Native American cultures, a warrior won such prestige by striking a foe or an enemy position with a hand, a weapon, or a coup stick, or by stealing an opponent’s weapon or his horse. Success in counting coup, which required the honoree to withdraw without injury, was acknowledged by notches cut in the coup stick or eagle feathers worn in the honoree’s hair. Coupage has four distinct meanings: blending two types of wine to alter flavor, mixing drugs with other substances, removing hair from a hide, and tapping on the thorax to help dislodge secretions, such as in treatment for tuberculosis. Decoupage, unrelated to any of these senses, describes decoration of an object with paper cutouts and other materials. Other terms with the root word coup include recoup, which originally meant â€Å"to deduct,† though now the general sense is of compensation for a loss, and beaucoup, a French term meaning â€Å"many, a great number.† The latter entered general usage in American English by way of military personnel who had served in Vietnam, which had until recently been part of French Indochina. Coupà ©, the word for a type of carriage and, later, a style of car, is related; the sense is of something cut (with a stroke) down to a smaller size. So, too, is coupon, from the French word for â€Å"piece.† They are cognate with the verb cope, frequently seen in the phrase â€Å"cope with† and meaning â€Å"deal with challenges† and, less often, â€Å"prevail in combat or competition.† A coping saw, meanwhile, is a tool with a small, thin, saw blade set in a U-shaped frame, and a coppice (also rendered copse) is a thicket of trees cultivated for cutting. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:4 Types of Gerunds and Gerund PhrasesDifference between "Pressing" and "Ironing"Honorary vs. Honourary

The Impact of Inward Foreign Direct Investment on Host Countries Essay

The Impact of Inward Foreign Direct Investment on Host Countries - Essay Example According to the research findings, Foreign Direct Investment has over the last three decades aroused conflicting responses from the first and third world. In essence, FDI gives the investor the power to operate a company in another country for the long term. Developed host countries are not too welcome to the idea on the premise that they fear foreign firms will end up dominating their local firms. In contrast to this, developing countries are more welcome to the idea on the grounds that FDI will bring additional capital, expertise and new technology into their country. Host countries record FDI flows as liabilities along with similar items in their balance of payments. In host countries like these FDI flows make up a large percentage of the total investment in the economy as compared to more developed countries; the effects of FDI on these countries differ as well, with developing countries showing a steady growth trend as compared to developed countries who showed boom and bust cy cles as a result of engaging in FDI. Growth is normally measured by looking at the trends in per capita GDP growth. Analysts relate FDI to per capita to GDP growth by looking at figures of gross FDI inflows and FDI inflows per capita to see if they have any impact on the economic growth of a country. Research has revealed a positive relationship between FDI levels and growth levels in an economy, in some cases, these results have been insignificant as well but these variables have never shared a negative relationship. The extraneous variable has a magnitude changing effect on this relationship. It has been seen that the more developed a country is, the better and greater positive effect FDI will have on its economic growth. Most studies that have analyzed the impact of FDI on the economic growth of the host country have found the results to be pretty elusive. Most established relationships are based specifically on the host country’s own specific economic characteristics. Thu s it is difficult to generalize these effects and apply them to other countries as the findings of a study. However, the probable effects are not completely elusive, as the endogenous growth theory provides a framework for the positive linkage between growth and FDI inflows.